Chippers, OSHA and ANSI Z133.1
Here is what OSHA has to say regarding chippers, from: Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR) Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution. - 1910.269
1910.269(r)(2)
"Brush chippers."
1910.269(r)(2)(i)
Brush chippers shall be equipped with a locking device in the ignition system.
1910.269(r)(2)(ii)
Access panels for maintenance and adjustment of the chipper blades and associated drive train shall be in place and secure during operation of the equipment.
..1910.269(r)(2)(iii)
1910.269(r)(2)(iii)
Brush chippers not equipped with a mechanical infeed system shall be equipped with an infeed hopper of length sufficient to prevent employees from contacting the blades or knives of the machine during operation.
1910.269(r)(2)(iv)
Trailer chippers detached from trucks shall be chocked or otherwise secured.
1910.269(r)(2)(v)
Each employee in the immediate area of an operating chipper feed table shall wear personal protective equipment as required by Subpart I of this Part.
Here is what ANSI Z133.1 -2006 has to say:
5.3 Brush Chippers
5.3.1 The items contained in section 5.1 shall always be included in the review of this section.
5. SAFE USE OF VEHICLES AND MOBILE EQUIPMENT USED IN ARBORICULTURE
5.1 Vehicles and Mobile Equipment
5.1.1 Prior to daily use of any vehicles and mobile equipment (units), visual walk-around
inspections and operational checks shall be made in accordance with manufacturers’ and
owners’ instructions and applicable federal, state, and local requirements.
5.1.2 Units shall be equipped and maintained with manufacturers’ safety devices, instructions,
warnings, and safeguards. Arborists and other workers shall follow instructions provided
by manufacturers.
5.1.3 Manufacturers’ preventive maintenance inspections and parts replacement procedures
shall be followed.
5.1.4 Manufacturers’ instructions shall be followed in detecting hydraulic leaks. No part of the
body shall be used to locate or stop hydraulic leaks.
5.1.5 Units shall be operated or maintained only by authorized and qualified personnel in
accordance with company policies and federal, state, or local laws.
5.1.6 Material and equipment carried on vehicles shall be properly stored and secured in
compliance with the design of the unit in order to prevent the movement of material or
equipment.
5.1.7 Step surfaces and platforms on mobile equipment shall be skid-resistant.
5.1.8 Safety seatbelts, when provided by the manufacturer, shall be worn while a unit is being
operated.
5.1.9 Riding or working outside or on top of units shall not be permitted unless the units are
designed for that purpose or the operator is performing maintenance or inspection.
5.1.10 Hoisting or lifting equipment on vehicles shall be used within rated capacities as stated
by the manufacturers’ specifications.
5.1.11 Units with obscured rear vision, particularly those with towed equipment, should be
backed up only when absolutely necessary and then should be used with external rear
guidance, such as a spotter, or a backup alarm.
5.1.12 When units are left unattended, keys shall be removed from ignition, the wheels
chocked, and, if applicable, the parking brake applied.
5.1.13 Units shall be turned off, keys removed from the ignition, and rotating parts at rest prior
to making repairs or adjustments, except where manufacturers’ procedures require otherwise.
Defects or malfunctions affecting the safe operation of equipment shall be corrected
before such units are placed into use.
5.1.14 Personal protective equipment (for example, eye, head, hand, and ear protection) shall
be worn in accordance with section 3.4, Personal Protective Equipment.
5.1.15 When towing, safety chains shall be crossed under the tongue of the unit being towed
and connected to the towing vehicle.
5.1.16 Care should be taken to ensure that a unit’s exhaust system does not present a fire hazard.
5.1.17 Towed units that detach from another unit (for example, a motorized vehicle) shall be
chocked or otherwise secured in place.
5.1.18 Units operated off-road shall be operated in the proper gear and at the proper speed relative
to the operating environment and the manufacturers’ instructions and guidelines.
5.3.2 Access panels (for example, guards) for maintenance and adjustment, including discharge
chute and cutter housing, shall be closed and secured prior to starting the engine
of brush chippers. These access panels shall not be opened or unsecured until the engine
and all moving parts have come to a complete stop (see Annex C, General Safety Procedures
That Apply to All Tree Work).
5.3.3 Rotary drum or disc brush chippers not equipped with a mechanical infeed system shall
be equipped with an infeed hopper not less than 85 inches (2.15 m) measured from the
blades or knives to ground level over the center line of the hopper. Side members of the
infeed hopper shall have sufficient height so as to prevent workers from contacting the
blades or knives during operations.
5.3.4 Rotary drum or disc brush chippers not equipped with a mechanical infeed system shall
have a flexible anti-kickback device installed in the infeed hopper to reduce the risk of
injury from flying chips and debris.
5.3.5 Chippers equipped with a mechanical infeed system shall have a quick-stop and reversing
device on the infeed system. The activating mechanism for the quick-stop and reversing
device shall be located across the top, along each side, and close to the feed end of
the infeed hopper within easy reach of the worker.
5.3.6 Vision, hearing, and/or other appropriate personal protective equipment shall be worn
when in the immediate area of a brush chipper in accordance with section 3.4, Personal
Protective Equipment.
5.3.7 Arborists, mechanics, and other workers shall not, under any circumstances, reach into
the infeed hopper when the cutter disc, rotary drum, or feed rollers are moving.
5.3.8 When trailer chippers are detached from the vehicles, they shall be chocked or otherwise
secured in place.
5.3.9 When in a towing position, chipper safety chains shall be crossed under the tongue of
the chipper and properly affixed to the towing vehicle.
5.3.10 See section 8.6, Brush Removal and Chipping, for additional requirements.
8.6 Brush Removal and Chipping
8.6.1 Traffic control around the jobsite shall be established prior to the start of chipping operations
along roads and highways (see section 3.2, Traffic Control Around the Jobsite).
8.6.2 Brush and logs shall not be allowed to create hazards in the work areas.
8.6.3 To prevent an entanglement hazard, loose clothing, climbing equipment, body belts, harnesses,
lanyards, or gauntlet-type gloves (for example, long-cuffed lineman’s or welder’s
gloves) shall not be worn while operating chippers.
8.6.4 Personal protective equipment shall be worn when in the immediate area of chipping operations
in accordance with section 3.4, Personal Protective Equipment, of this standard.
8.6.5 Training shall be provided in the proper operation, feeding, starting, and shutdown procedures
for the chipper being used.
ANSI Z133.1-2006 Safety Requirements for Arboricultural Operations 28 ©2006, Internatinational Society of Arboriculture
8.6.6 Maintenance shall be performed only by those persons authorized by the employer and
trained to perform such operations.
8.6.7 Brush and logs shall be fed into chippers, butt or cut end first, from the side of the feed
table center line, and the operator shall immediately turn away from the feed table when
the brush is taken into the rotor or feed rollers. Chippers should be fed from the curbside
whenever practical.
8.6.8 The brush chipper discharge chute or cutter housing cover shall not be raised or removed
while any part of the chipper is turning or moving. Chippers shall not be used unless a discharge
chute of sufficient length or design is provided that prevents personal contact with
the blades (see Annex C, General Safety Procedures That Apply to All Tree Work).
8.6.9 Foreign material, such as stones, nails, sweepings, and rakings, shall not be fed into chippers.
8.6.10 Small branches shall be fed into chippers with longer branches or by being pushed with
a long stick.
8.6.11 Hands or other parts of the body shall not be placed into the infeed hopper. Leaning into
or pushing material into infeed hoppers with feet is prohibited.
8.6.12 While material is being fed into the chipper infeed hopper chute, pinch points continually
develop within the material being chipped and between the material and machine.
The operator shall be aware of this situation and respond accordingly.
8.6.13 When feeding a chipper during roadside operations, the operator shall do so in a manner
that prevents him or her from stepping into traffic or being pushed into traffic by the
material that is being fed into the chipper.
8.6.14 When using a winch in chipper operations, the operator shall ensure that the winch
cable is properly stored before initiating chipper operations.
8.6.15 Refer to section 5.3, Brush Chippers, for additional information.