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...I have been horrified to learn is that a mere 10' drop onto those toothed ascenders will sever the rope with a 175 lbs climber....
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The real lesson is don't fall. Typical arborist and rec harnesses are not fall protection harnesses. The industry standard of a maximum 8kN fall arrest force is based totally on a properly fitting and adjusted full body harness.
The distance of the fall is really irrelevant, what is relevant is how fast the fall is caught. E.g. if a 200 lb climber falls 10' and decelerates to a stop in 1 foot that would generate a lot more force that if he fell the same distance and decelerated in 2 feet. That's why rock climbers use dynamic rope - it decreases the force by decreasing deceleration and hence force.
I have not seen anywhere where a toothed ascender will sever a rope. Toothed ascenders start to tear and peal the cover at about 1000 lbs. However, the instruction sheet for a Gibbs ascender (shell and cam type rope clamp - no teeth) clearly states that it can sever a 1/2" rope if 2000 lbs is applied to the device.
However, if a fall generates even 1800 lbs, you are very, very likely gonna be seriously injured. While tests have shown that a 1800 lb force is survivable, that is based on a properly fitted and adusted full-body harness that keeps the body essentially straight up. I think again, the lesson is defy gravity - don't fall.
Again fall impact does not depend on fall distance, it depends on stop distance. The faster you stop, the more force is generated. Surprisingly large forces can be generated by a one or two foot fall if there's little to absorb the energy.
Consider this: A climber has a ground tie with his rope over a limb 50' high. Just as he reaches the TIP a spur fails that the rope was actually over and the larger limb below it catches the fall. Lets say the climber falls 5 feet. His fall is absorbed on 55' of rope, that's a fall factor (not fall force) of about 0.1 (5 / 55). That's a pretty soft fall.
Now let's consider the very same thing but on a DdRT setting. In this case the climber is on a doubled rope so it has half the stretch as a single rope and there isn't anywhere as much rope to catch the fall. The climber falls the same 5 feet, but due to the DdRT setting and the doubled rope he's actually not getting the benefit of all the rope, in fact it's working against him. So he falls 5 feet on about 5.5' of rope effectively for a fall factor of about 1.0 (5/5.5) or about ten times the magnitude of the ground tie.
Fall factor doesn't indicate the amount of force but the higher the fall factor the greater the force. So for a climber of a given weight, a DdRT setting would generate about 10 times the force as the same fall on a ground tie.
Note that it would be even different for a cinched limb. The fall factor would be about 5/5.5 but there would be more stretch in the single line than in a doubled rope so the force would be considerably less.