hmmm, ok will try to do my best. Try to straighten out a banana. When you do so the inside of the curve is under tension, and the outside of the curve is under compression. The inside curve fibers are being stretched and want to rupture, the fibers on the outside of the curve are getting squished or buckling.
Think of this in a diagram cross section with arrows of force, near the middle plane you have a zone with arrows going in opposite directions. This is the neutral plane or shear plane, and cracks in this plane will propagate outwards to the sides.
Now take this in wood, trees will put on adaptive growth.. Most conifers add compression wood to straighten out themselves, most others add tension wood. So the wood fiber is like a coiled spring, or like a strong cable. Cut off all the limbs, and start releasing these forces in the trunk. You have removed all loading the tree grew to adapt to, the banana is straighten it's self, like a big back bend stretch after slouching on the couch.. I know I pop when I do this!
Trees will put on adaptive growth for about anything.. Prevailing winds, shade, torsional loading, and just gravity! It's when these outside forces suddenly change, like the storm of the decade coming from the opposite direction of the prevailing winds! I typically say something along the lines of "Our prevailing winds come from the south to the west, and our storm of the decade comes from the north. I see a little damage with a 70mph windstorm from the south, but I see 3-4 times the damage from a 50mph windstorm from the north.
A bit of a ramble, hope this clears it up