what causes this?

took down a large poplar today and noticed these spikes growing underneath the bark.....its nothing unusual on poplar but ive never really stopped to think about it and as ive never come across it in any text i wondered if anyone here could explain the cause for me.
its a hybrid black poplar, probably robusta.

thanks
 
i doubt it ,i always thought latent /dormant buds were invisible to the naked eye ,this to me looks like some kind of reaction wood
 
I am sure that those are buts. Buts dont pop up at once when a crown get pruned or damaged. They grow from the first year on with the trunk. Those buts just dont appear out the sky. the MUST grown with the trunk to stay at the outher part of the tree to start growing when needed. You can see that when ripping of some watersprouts at poplar they came from those little bumps on the wood.
 
Guys,
If you sawed that bit of log, you'd get "bird's eye"... lumber sites say it is "reaction wood", usually insect induced, but can be from most anything.
(Canadian Lumber Board says fungal origin in maple)
 

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I don't know what causes it but I have seen the same phenomena on narrow leaf cotton wood around here. It doesn't apear to be connected with any injury that I can tell. Lots of the trees that I have seen it on have cytospora- I don't know if there could be a conection
 

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