Looks like, and could be rhe power of suggestion I'll admit, that there are some localized borer exit holes there that may have leaked some sap that was then colonized by some fungi. Not the more typical black sooty mold but perhaps something along those lines.
I could just be chasing ghosts and by that I mean natural depressions in the bark. The white halo is interesting nevertheless. Weird lichen I'm unfamiliar with perhaps?