Where to begin.... For starters I see one maple.. not maples. The one I see is a total shit sandwich. It's been planted too deeply and volcano mulched in a monoculture lawn that wouldn't occur in real life without a lot of fertilizer and herbicide inputs. With a virtual thatched roof of mulch over the root ball, any rain will likely flow off the mulch and away from the tree rather than reaching the root ball. Poor planting may have resulted in the production of circling/girdling roots below ground. These conditions may have contributed to the cracked bark and cambium necrosis, or it could be something else altogether.
From the limited perspective of the single photograph, the fruiting bodies appear to be on necrotic tissue, so they might be saprophytes, but I don't see enough to hazard a guess that I'd want to hang my hat on.
There are lots of lichens, so I'd feel comfortable saying that the decline is not due to poor air quality.