"Absolutely needed". As in, without this necessary procedure the patient's quality of life will be negatively impacted or they'll die.
OK...I'll play "quality of life negatively impacted". Hair loss treatments? Hair removal? Cosmetic surgery (not related to another injury)?
With "or they'll die"...97 year old with failing heart. Do they get a heart transplant? If not, they'll die next week.
And that's the real rub with privatized healthcare and capitalism. You start having individuals use people as investments. We have it up here with the real estate market.
In my opinion, the basic needs of humanity (water, food, shelter, medicine) should be made as high quality and affordable as possible. Everything else can be left to the bourgeoisie to play with.
I don't entirety disagree...and I operate my company with the philosophy that if i take care of my clients, they take care of me. I don't have sales targets I expect to hit, etc...we just try to do the right thing. Not that I'm perfect and altruistic in my business endeavors...but we aren't driven to bring in certain ROI on everything we do.
Where I do depart a little from your statement "..the basic needs of humanity (water, food, shelter, medicine) should be made as high quality and affordable as possible...". Obviously you imply a balance of quality and cost. But one person will interpret that (especially in health care) "high quality" being everything and anything to give a dying person 3 more weeks of life...even at a cost of millions of dollars.
Develop something similar to a mechanic's book time. It takes X time and Y materials/personnel to complete Z procedure. Doc gets paid based on those standards.
That exists...kinda. in at least 2 formats. First, Medicare/Medicaid has prices they will pay. Some doctors won't treat patients for those prices. Sometimes because it doesn't meet their ROI expectations. Other times because they literally loose money at those rates.
There is also a healthcare bluebook. But it is non-binding. And because the patient doesn't pay, they don't care and won't shop around so there's little incentive for a provider to abide by those prices.
Also, like a dishonest mechanic, there is plenty of space to dodge those numbers, add extra services, double bill, etc.
Then, like the example, I shared earlier of the person with the $110k elective heart procedure (approved by insurance because it "improves quality of life" - though it didn't work out that way) turned into a $200k procedure because of the hospital stay after (that would have been necessary...but would not have been at all if not for the elective procedure...so do you call that necessary or elective???).